Barley Grass Powder (Leaf)
Barley grass (Hordeum vulgare) is the young, green leaf of the barley plant, one of the most important cereal crops globally [2]. Harvested before the grain develops, these young leaves are considered a nutrient-dense “superfood” and are commonly consumed as a dietary supplement in the form of powder, juice, tablets, or gummies [2]. This entry provides a comprehensive overview of barley grass powder, its nutritional composition, health benefits, production, and safety considerations.
Nutritional Composition
Barley grass powder is a rich source of various nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and bioactive compounds. Its nutritional profile makes it a popular addition to green blends and health supplements. A systematic review of scientific literature has identified a wide array of functional ingredients in barley grass [1].
| Nutrient Category | Specific Nutrients |
|---|---|
| Vitamins | Vitamin A, Vitamin B1 (Thiamine), Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin K |
| Minerals | Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Selenium (Se) |
| Bioactive Compounds | Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), Flavonoids (saponarin, lutonarin), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Chlorophyll, Polyphenols, Alkaloids, Metallothioneins |
| Macronutrients | Dietary Fiber (soluble and insoluble), Tryptophan |
Source: Zeng et al. (2018) [1], Healthline (2025) [2]
Health Benefits
Research suggests that the functional ingredients in barley grass may offer a range of health benefits, from antioxidant effects to the prevention of chronic diseases. However, it is important to note that much of the research is preliminary, and more high-quality human studies are needed to substantiate many of these claims [2].
Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties
Barley grass is rich in antioxidants such as flavonoids, polyphenols, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), which help protect the body against oxidative stress caused by free radicals [1, 2]. By neutralizing these harmful molecules, the antioxidants in barley grass may help reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Additionally, some studies suggest that barley grass exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, which can further contribute to its health-promoting effects [1].
Cardiovascular Health
Several studies have indicated that barley grass may support heart health. Research has shown that barley grass can help lower LDL (
bad") cholesterol levels, a key risk factor for heart disease [2, 3]. An older study on individuals with diabetes found that daily intake of barley leaf extract for four weeks led to a decrease in the oxidation of LDL cholesterol [2]. Animal studies have also shown reductions in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels with barley leaf extract supplementation [2]. Compounds like saponarin, lutonarin, potassium, and GABA found in barley grass are linked to lower blood pressure and improved cardiovascular health [1, 2].
Blood Sugar Management
Barley grass may also play a role in maintaining healthy blood sugar levels, primarily due to its high content of insoluble dietary fiber [2]. Insoluble fiber does not dissolve in water and can help reduce blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity, making it easier for the body to use insulin effectively. While these findings are promising, it is important to note that many of the studies on the specific effects of barley grass on blood sugar are older, and more current research is needed to confirm these benefits [2].
Other Potential Benefits
A comprehensive review by Zeng et al. (2018) highlights a wide range of other potential health benefits associated with barley grass, including:
Barley grass promotes sleep; has antidiabetic effect; regulates blood pressure; enhances immunity; protects liver; has anti-acne/detoxifying and antidepressant effects; improves gastrointestinal function; has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and antigout effects; reduces hyperuricemia; prevents hypoxia, cardiovascular diseases, fatigue, and constipation; alleviates atopic dermatitis; is a calcium supplement; improves cognition; and so on [1].
Production and Harvesting
The quality and nutritional content of barley grass powder are highly dependent on the harvesting and processing methods. To maximize its nutritional value, barley grass is harvested at a specific stage of its growth.
Harvesting
Barley grass is typically harvested when the young leaves reach a height of 12-14 inches, which is considered its nutritional peak, just before the plant enters the jointing stage (begins to form a stem) [3, 4]. Some producers choose to harvest at night to maximize the nutrient content. The harvested leaves are then processed quickly, often within a few hours, to preserve their freshness and nutritional integrity [4].
Processing
There are two primary methods for producing barley grass powder:
- Whole Grass Powder: The harvested barley grass is washed, cut, dried, and then ground into a fine powder. This method retains the fiber from the plant.
- Juice Powder: The barley grass is first washed and then juiced using a cold-press method. The resulting juice is then dehydrated, typically through spray drying, to create a concentrated powder. This form is more soluble in water but contains less fiber than the whole grass powder [4].
High-quality barley grass supplements are often produced under strict organic standards, ensuring they are non-GMO and free from artificial additives or preservatives. Third-party testing is also a key indicator of a product’s quality and purity [2].
Forms and Usage
Barley grass is available in several forms, making it easy to incorporate into one’s diet. The most common forms include:
- Powder: The most popular form, which can be mixed into water, juice, smoothies, or other beverages.
- Juice: Freshly juiced barley grass or reconstituted juice from powder.
- Tablets and Capsules: Convenient for those who prefer not to drink the powder.
- Gummies: A more palatable option for some consumers.
Recommended dosages for barley grass powder can vary, with suggestions typically ranging from 4 to 17 grams per day [3]. One clinical trial used a dose of 15 grams of dried barley leaf extract per day to achieve a reduction in cholesterol levels [3]. It is always advisable to start with a smaller dose to assess tolerance and consult with a healthcare professional for personalized recommendations.
Safety and Precautions
Barley grass is generally considered safe for consumption for most healthy individuals. However, there are some important considerations and precautions to keep in mind.
Regulatory Status
In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not regulate the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements like barley grass in the same way it does for pharmaceutical drugs. Therefore, it is crucial to purchase products from reputable retailers that adhere to high-quality standards and undergo third-party testing [2].
Gluten and Allergies
While the barley grain contains gluten, the young grass itself is naturally gluten-free. However, there is a risk of cross-contamination during harvesting and processing. Individuals with celiac disease or a high sensitivity to gluten should exercise caution and choose products that are certified gluten-free [2]. Hypersensitivity reactions to barley are typically associated with the seed, not the green leaves, but those with barley allergies should still avoid barley grass [3].
Medical Conditions and Medications
Barley grass can be high in certain micronutrients, such as vitamin K and potassium. Individuals taking blood-thinning medications like warfarin should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K to avoid interference with the medication’s effectiveness. Those with kidney disease may need to limit their potassium intake and should consult their healthcare provider before using barley grass supplements [2]. Information regarding the safety and efficacy of barley grass during pregnancy and lactation is lacking, so it is best to avoid use during these periods [3].
